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                <text>Buffalo Center Commercial Club Members to State Council of Defense, Feb. 26, 1918</text>
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                <text>The members of Buffalo Center Commercial Club are trying to eliminate German within their town and schools. But they have tried to be diplomatic and have failed to meet the standards. They are asking the Council of Defense for help in order to resolve these issues. They would like the Council to send men who have authority to stop this pro-Germanism within their town.</text>
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                <text>The Milwaukee Journal to Iowa Council of Defense, Feb. 5, 1918</text>
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                <text>The Milwaukee Journal was interested to see what the Iowa Council of Defense was doing in term of dealing with the issue of German within schools. They ask how they Iowa dealing with German teachers, textbooks, and also propaganda within public institutions. Herbert J. Metcalf responded with current actions in dealing with German in the school systems of Iowa. He believes Iowa has carried out the most vigorous campaigning in the regards of the matter. Iowa State Council of Defense has carefully investigated every report that comes to them in regards to pro-Germanism among public schools. He also lets the Milwaukee Journal known of the excellent source of cooperation with the German-Americans amongst Iowa.</text>
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                <text>This is a letter sent to Herbert J. Metcalf in regards to investigation that Dr. H. L. Avery did in Sanborn, Iowa. L. H. Chandler is in disgust with this Holland school as well as Dr. Avery was. He does not understand the by individuals are taking their children out of a good school and putting them into such a place for poor instruction, no equipment etc. But he states that there have been no actions of treason or disloyalty</text>
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                <text>A member of the Board of Education of Clarence, Iowa, O. E. Road reached out to Herbert J. Metcalf to make known the progress being made in term of eliminating German. But he made Metcalf aware of a German Church that was teaching school in that area. Road believes by placing children in the schools within the church will not allow them to become loyal American citizens. Metcalf responses in agreement with Road. He stated the Council of Defense is doing everything they can to stop these practices from occurring.</text>
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                <text>Dr. H. L. Avery to Herbert J. Metcalf, Jan. 19, 1918</text>
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                <text>This letter from Dr. H. L. Avery to Herbert J. Metcalf was a respond a previous letter from Metcalf that was informed about suspicion activity of a German school in Sanborn, Iowa. Metcalf had asked Dr. Avery to investigate. Dr. Avery uncovered that the school was not German-related but rather it was a Holland school. Even though it was not German-related, Dr. Avery was in disgust and believed that even the Holland school should be closed. He believes if immigrants expect to live in America they need to learn English and live up to the standards of being a loyal American citizen. Metcalf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29564">
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                <text>H. J. Metcalf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29569">
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              <elementText elementTextId="29571">
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29572">
                <text>Folder 2: Box #7, Metcalf Papers, State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa</text>
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                <text>Primghar, Iowa; Sanborn, Iowa</text>
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        <name>Dutch Language</name>
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        <name>H. J. Metcalf</name>
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  <item itemId="1971" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Education</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29544">
                <text>J. J. Billingely to Herbert J. Metcalf, Jan. 16, 1918</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29545">
                <text>German Language; Public Schools; School Board; Primghar, Iowa; O</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="29546">
                <text>Letter to Metcalf in regards to the teaching of German in public schools. Mr. Billingely provided Metcalf names of presidents of the school boards with the O</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29547">
                <text>J. J. Billingsley</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29549">
                <text>State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa</text>
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                <text>1/16/1918</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29554">
                <text>Letter</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29556">
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29557">
                <text>Folder 1: Box #7, Metcalf Papers, State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29558">
                <text>Primghar, Iowa</text>
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  <item itemId="1970" public="1" featured="0">
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29529">
                <text>R. H. Williams to Herbert J. Metcalf, Jan. 16, 1918</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29530">
                <text>German; Schools; Scientific Course; Council Bluffs, Iowa; Des Moines, Iowa; World War I</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29531">
                <text>This letter is from Secretary R. H Williams of the Independent School District of Council Bluffs that was sent to Herbert J. Metcalf. The letter regards the issue of teaching German within the school system and how they have made changes. These changes consist of removing German in the scientific course and also not making German a required course for graduation.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29532">
                <text>R. H. Williams</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29534">
                <text>State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa</text>
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                <text>1/16/1918</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29539">
                <text>Letter</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29542">
                <text>Folder 1: Box #7, Metcalf Papers, State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa</text>
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                <text>Council Bluffs, Iowa; Pottawattamie County</text>
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  <item itemId="1969" public="1" featured="0">
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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                <text>Herbert J. Metcalf to John. W. Behm, Jan. 15, 1918</text>
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                <text>This is a letter from Herbert J. Metcalf to John W. Behm in regards to closing German schools at Yorktown, Iowa and Clarinda, Iowa. He mentioned to Behm that he or the State Council of National Defense had no authority to prevent German ministers from preaching in German. But if Behm was able to convince the people in a peaceful manner then she commended him for his work. Metcalf also appreciated the people showing their loyalty and cooperation to their county.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29517">
                <text>H. J. Metcalf</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="29519">
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                <text>1/15/1918</text>
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                <text>This is a letter from Herbert J. Metcalf to H. L. Avery who has been called to attention about a German school starting up in Sanborn, Iowa where nothing but German is being taught. He has asked Avery to investigate more into the situation secretly. If the school is found organized for unpatriotic reasons then they will need to take legal action. If the school is organized with the intentions of teaching religion, then nothing can be done about it.</text>
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