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                  <text>GERMAN-IOWAN NEWSPAPERS</text>
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              <text>&lt;div style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ein Aufruf für Männer&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
Die Frauen von Iowa, welche gegen das Frauenstimmrecht sind, kämpfen für die große Majorität ihres Geschlechtes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sie wollen nicht, daß die Männer von Iowa ihnen das Stimmrecht aufzwingen sollen.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sie wollen nicht den Zank, die Bitterkeit, und die Notarität, welche unzertrennlich sind von einem politischen Kampfe.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sie haben Vertrauen zu der Loyalität von ihren Männern, Vätern und Söhnen, und sie leiden nicht unter deren Herrschaft.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Eines der größten Frauenrechte ist frei zu sein von den Regierungssorgen und dem Hader der Politik.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sie haben jetzt das Recht. Warum soll es von ihnen weggenommen werden?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Zwingt ihnen nicht etwas auf, von welchem nicht Gutes kommen kann; aber von welchem viel Uebels kommen mag, nicht nur für die Frauen selber, sondern für den Staat und alle die in demselben wohnen.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fragt nicht, daß die Frauen die Sphäre verlassen sollen für die sie von der Natur bestimmt sind – eine Spähre die vom Mann nicht gefüllt werden kann – um im Bereich der Männer zu treten, ein Bereich für welchen sie physisch nicht geschaffen sind.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Zwingt nicht die Mutter, Frau, Schwester und Tochter in die Politik. Zwingt nicht die Männerschaften auf Frauenschultern.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Männer von Iowa, wir appelliren an Euch die Frauen von Iowa in dieser Krisis nicht zu verlassen, daß Ihr zu den Stimmhaften am 5 Juni geht und „Nein“ stimmt in der Frauenstimmrechtfrage.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Die Frauen die kein Stimmrecht fordern.</text>
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              <text>&lt;div style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An Appeal to Men&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;The women of Iowa who are against women’s suffrage are fighting for the majority of their gender.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;They do not want the men of Iowa to force suffrage upon them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;They do not want the strife, bitterness, and notoriety that are inseparable from political battles.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;They have trust in the loyalty of their husbands, fathers and sons, and they do not suffer under their reign.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One of the biggest women’s rights is to be free from the worries and quarrels of politics.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Currently, they have that right. Why should it be taken from them?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Do not force something upon them from which no good can come. Indeed, much bad can come from it, not only for women, but also for the state and all who live in it.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Do not ask that women should leave the sphere which nature determines for them – a sphere that cannot be filled by men – to step into the realm of men, a realm which is physically not made for them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Do not force the mother, wife, sister and daughter into politics. Do not force them to shoulder the burdens of men. Men of Iowa, we appeal to you, do not leave the women of Iowa alone in this crisis. Join other eligible voters on June 5th and cast a “No” vote for women's suffrage.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Women Who Do Not Want Suffrage</text>
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                <text>"The Women Who Do Not Want Suffrage" make their case why they should not be given the right to vote in the upcoming constitutional referendum on 5 June 1916.</text>
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                <text>Women's Antisuffrage Committee ("Die Frauen, die kein Stimmrecht fordern")</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.lib.uiowa.edu/iwa/suffrage/"&gt;Women's Suffrage in Iowa: A Digital Collection&lt;/a&gt;, Iowa Women's Archive, University of Iowa</text>
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              <text>&lt;h4&gt;Das Frauenstimmrechts=Amendment.&lt;/h4&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;Zugleich mit der Primärwahl am 5.&lt;br /&gt;Juni, in welcher die Kandidaten für die&lt;br /&gt;Staats= und County= Aemter (Ämter), die im November zu wählen sind, nominirt (nominiert)&lt;br /&gt;werden, findet die Abstimmung über das&lt;br /&gt;Frauenstimmrecht statt. Wird diese an=&lt;br /&gt;genommen, so wird die Constitution des&lt;br /&gt;Staates einverleibt und die Frauen in&lt;br /&gt;Iowa besitzen das Stimmrecht. Wes=&lt;br /&gt;halb mit dieser so wichtigen Abstim=&lt;br /&gt;mung nicht bis zur Herbstwahl gewartet&lt;br /&gt;worden ist, läßt (lässt) sich leicht erraten.&lt;br /&gt;Nämlich bei dieser wird, da dann Prä=&lt;br /&gt;sidentenwahl ist, nahezu das volle Vo=&lt;br /&gt;tum des Staates abgegeben, bei einer&lt;br /&gt;Primärwahl aber stimmt nur ein Theil (Teil)&lt;br /&gt;der Wähler, sogar nur ein kleiner Theil (Teil),&lt;br /&gt;und da sicher alle Freunde des Frauen=&lt;br /&gt;Stimmrechts stimmen werden, so ist da=&lt;br /&gt;mit die Annahme weit leichter durchzu=&lt;br /&gt;setzen, wie wenn ein volles Votum abge=&lt;br /&gt;geben wird. Die Frauenrechtler in der&lt;br /&gt;Legislatur haben sehr schlau gerechnet,&lt;br /&gt;indem sie die Frage in einer Primär=&lt;br /&gt;wahl, statt in einer Haupt= und Gene=&lt;br /&gt;ralwahl, den Wählern unterbreiteten.&lt;br /&gt;Eine solche wichtige Frage hätte doch&lt;br /&gt;unbedingt dann zur Abstimmung kom=&lt;br /&gt;men sollen, wenn das größtmöglichste&lt;br /&gt;Votum zu erwarten war, wo jeder Bür=&lt;br /&gt;ger stimmen würde. Aber nein, das&lt;br /&gt;paßte (passte) dem allmächtigen Mucker= und Suffragettenthum, welche die letzte Le=&lt;br /&gt;gislatur ganz und gar beherrschte, nicht&lt;br /&gt;in den Kram und so wurde die Angele=&lt;br /&gt;genheit zu einer Zeit zur Abstimmung angeordnet, wo man sicher ist, nur ein&lt;br /&gt;kleines Votum, keinesfalls ein volles&lt;br /&gt;Votum und damit die wirkliche Mei=&lt;br /&gt;nungsäußerung der ganzen Bürger=&lt;br /&gt;schaft des Staates zu erhalten.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Von dem Ausgang der Frauenstimm= rechts=Wahl hängt wahrscheinlich auch&lt;br /&gt;die nächstjährige Prohibitionswahl ab,&lt;br /&gt;die entscheiden soll, ob der jetzt schon&lt;br /&gt;bestehende Prohibitionsblödsinn kon=&lt;br /&gt;stitutionell werden soll, was bedeutet,&lt;br /&gt;daß (dass) wir die Trockenheit überhaupt nicht&lt;br /&gt;mehr los werden oder nicht. Wenig=&lt;br /&gt;stens ist immerhin eine Möglichkeit eines&lt;br /&gt;freisinnigen Sieges ohne Frauenstimm= recht vorhanden — mit Frauenstimm=&lt;br /&gt;recht aber absolut nicht. Deshalb wäre&lt;br /&gt;es sehr zu wünschen, das (dass) sich unsere Li=&lt;br /&gt;beralen und Gegner der politischen&lt;br /&gt;Gleichberechnung (Gleichberechtigung) der Geschlechter etwas&lt;br /&gt;mehr rühren, wie sie bis jetzt gethan (getan)&lt;br /&gt;haben, wenn ihnen überhaupt etwas an&lt;br /&gt;der Ablehnung dieser Frage liegt. Um=&lt;br /&gt;somehr (umso mehr), da alle günstigen Aussichten bis&lt;br /&gt;jetzt auf Seite der Frauenrechtler liegen.&lt;br /&gt;Die meisten der Governors=Kandidaten,&lt;br /&gt;auch der sogenannte demokratische, der&lt;br /&gt;Herr Meredith, haben sich offen für das&lt;br /&gt;Frauenstimmrecht erklärt. Desgleichen&lt;br /&gt;die meisten Aspiranten für andere&lt;br /&gt;Staatsämter. Die Anhänger des Weib=&lt;br /&gt;lichen Unterrocks betreiben außerdem&lt;br /&gt;eine viel regere Campagne (Kampagne), offen und&lt;br /&gt;mehr noch im stillen (Stillen), als die andere&lt;br /&gt;Seite, die sich außer einigen vernünftigen&lt;br /&gt;Frauen, die selbst gegen ihre Hinein=&lt;br /&gt;zerrung in unsere Politik sind, noch&lt;br /&gt;nicht rühren.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bis zum 5 Juni sind nur noch einige&lt;br /&gt;Wochen hin und soll noch eine starke&lt;br /&gt;öffentliche Bewegung gegen das beab=&lt;br /&gt;sichtigte Weiber=Regiment eingeleitet&lt;br /&gt;werden, so ist’s hohe Zeit. Es muß (muss),&lt;br /&gt;wenn überhaupt Hoffnung vorhanden&lt;br /&gt;ist, die Frauenrechtler zu schlagen, da=&lt;br /&gt;rauf hingearbeitet werden, daß (dass) ein mög=&lt;br /&gt;lichst starkes Votum in der Wahl abge=&lt;br /&gt;geben wird, denn nur darin liegt augen=&lt;br /&gt;scheinlich einige Aussicht, den Ansturm&lt;br /&gt;abzuschlagen. Die Gleichgültigkeit der&lt;br /&gt;Massen, die diese Primärwahlen gegen=&lt;br /&gt;über haben muß (muss) abgeschüttelt werden, so&lt;br /&gt;daß (dass) so viele Bürger wie nur möglich,&lt;br /&gt;nicht nur die Befürworter des Frauen=&lt;br /&gt;stimmrechts, sich zum Wahlplatz begeben. (Iowa Reform.)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[Transcribed by Cassandra Bertolini]</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Waverly Phoenix&lt;/em&gt;: The Women's Suffrage Amendment</text>
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                <text>17 May 1916</text>
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                <text>The Women's Suffrage Amendment&#13;
&#13;
The referendum on women's suffrage will take place together with the June 5th primaries, in which voters will nominate candidates for state and county offices for the later November election. Should the measure be approved, the state constitution will be amended to grant suffrage to all women in Iowa. We can easily surmise why such an important referendum was not postponed until the November election. In November, when the presidential election takes place, nearly the entire state will turn out to vote. During a primary, however, only a fraction of voters, even a small fraction, will turn out at the polls, and since all friends of women's suffrage will vote, the amendment will pass much more easily than with a high voter turnout. The suffragists in the state legislature have slyly brought this referendum before voters during a primary election rather than a general election. Such an important matter should have been placed on the ballot when nearly every eligible voter would go to the polls. But no, that didn't suit the all-powerful yes-men and suffragettes who completely dominated the last state legislature, and so the matter was scheduled to come to a vote at a time when there is certain to be a low voter turnout, anything but a full turnout that might be a representative measure of opinion among all citizens.&#13;
&#13;
Next year's Prohibition referendum will likely depend on the result of the women's suffrage vote. This second referendum will decide whether the current Prohibition nonsense shall become constitutional, i.e., whether we'll be rid of temperance or not. Without women's suffrage, there is at least the possibility of a victory for personal liberty; with women's suffrage, absolutely not. For this reason, it would be quite useful if the liberals and opponents of the political equality of the sexes would rouse themselves more often than they have up to this point, if the failure of this referendum is of any concern to them at all. They have all the more reason to do so, since the suffrage camp has the more favorable prospects at the moment. The majority of candidates for governor, even the so-called Democrat, Mr. Meredith, have declared their support for women's suffrage, and the majority of aspirants for state offices have done the same. The petticoat supporters, moreover, are conducting a much more vigorous campaign, both in the open and quietly, than the opposing side, which has hardly lifted a finger, with the exception of a few sensible women who are opposed to being dragged into politics.&#13;
&#13;
There are only a few weeks left until June 5th. If public momentum against the proposed women's regime is to develop, then it's time to act. If there is to be any hope of victory over the suffragists, then we must work towards generating the largest turnout possible, for therein lies apparently the only chance of heading off the coming storm. The apathy of the masses towards primaries must be overcome, so that as many citizens as possible, not only the proponents of women's suffrage, make their way to the ballot box.&#13;
&#13;
(Iowa Reform.)</text>
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              <text>&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An unsere werten Leser&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Es wird wohl schon den Meisten bekannt sein, daß es durch Gesetz, das am 16. Oktober* um Mitternacht in Kraft getreten, den fremdsprachigen Zeitungen verboten ist, Neuigkeiten oder Artikel über den Krieg, die Bundes-Regierung oder irgend eine der anderen kriegführenden Mächte betreffend, zu bringen, und das zwar so lange der Krieg dauert, es sei denn, es werde beim lokalen Postmeister vor der Bekanntmachung im Blatte eine eidlich erhärtete Uebersetzung hinterlegt. Von dieser Zensur werden ausgenommen, diejenigen Zeitungen, die einen speziellen Erlaubnisschein haben. Um diesen haben wir bei der Bundesregierung nachgesucht und halten daher für das Geratenste, uns aller Krie[g]snachrichten und Kommentare zu enthalten, bis uns die Lizens bewilligt worden ist. Wir bitten unsere werten Leser um gütige Nachsicht dafür und werden unser Blatt trotzdem so interessant als möglich gestalten, in der Hoffnung, daß sie uns in diesen schweren Zeiten treu bleiben.&lt;/p&gt;
Die Redaktion&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[transcribed by Pearl Vick]&lt;br /&gt;* correct date: October 6, 1917</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Waverly Phoenix&lt;/em&gt;: To Our Valued Readers</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;To Our Valued Readers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;As most readers already know, foreign language newspapers are forbidden to publish articles about the war, the federal government, or anything concerning other countries at war, for as long as the war lasts, unless a notarized translation is submitted to the local postmaster before publication. These restrictions are based on a law that came into effect at midnight on October 16th [correct date: October 6th]. Newspapers with a special permit may be exempted from this censorship. We have applied for such a permit with the federal government and consider it most advisable to abstain from all news and commentary concerning the war until we receive it. We ask our valued readership to bear with us and will continue to make our paper as interesting as possible in the hope that our readers remain true to us in these hard times.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Editors&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p style="text-align:center;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unpatriotisch und untreu.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Es giebt eine Verfügung mittelst welcher man sogenannte unpatriotische oder untreue Bürger zur Rechenschaft ziehen kann. Irgendwelche Berichte solcher Vergehen, sollen sofort an das sog. „County Coucil of Defense“ einberichtet werden. Diese Körperschaft billigt absolut nicht das Handeln eines Pöbels, um irgendjemand zur Rechenschaft zu ziehen, auch mißbilligt sie das Anstreichen privater oder öffentlicher Gebäude, oder das Küssen der Fahne usw. Irgendwelche Ausschreitungen dieser Art werden fernerhin ganz strikte vor der Behörde „County Council of Defense“ verhandelt werden.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Unterzeichnet&lt;br /&gt;John Köberle, Vorsitzer.&lt;br /&gt;J.Q. Lauer, Sekretär.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[transcribed by Pearl Vick]&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Unpatriotic and Disloyal&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;There is a provision by means of which one can call to account so-called unpatriotic or disloyal citizens. All reports of such wrongdoings should be made immediately to the county Council of Defense. This body absolutely condemns mob actions designed to hold someone accountable. We also disapprove of painting private or public buildings yellow or forced kissing of the flag, etc. Any such infractions will continue to be strictly dealt with by the county Council of Defense agency.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Signed&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;John Köberle, Chairman &lt;br /&gt;J.Q. Lauer, Secretary&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Warum wir das Frauenstimmrecht bekämpfen.&#13;
&#13;
Bis der Beweis erbracht wird, daß die Männer des Staates nicht im Stande sind die Regierungs-Angelegenheiten selber zu regeln, oder bis erwiesen ist, daß durch das Zuthun der Frauen die politischen Zustände sich bedeutend verbessern lassen, sollte man der Frau das Stimmrecht verweigern und sie nicht dazu zwingen:&#13;
1.	Eine Kopfsteuer zu zahlen gleichviel ob sie sich als Wählerin bethätigt oder nicht.&#13;
2.	Sie nicht zwingend die Verpflichtung zu übernehmen als Geschworene, Constable&#13;
u.s.w. zu dienen.&#13;
3.	Sie nicht zwingen sich den Widerwärtigkeiten politischen Haders und bitterer Wahlkämpfe auszusetzen.&#13;
4.	Sie nicht zwingen zur Gefahr beizutragen, daß sich Irrsinnsfälle in ihren Reihen um 25 Prozent vermehren, was nach Ansicht des berühmten Nerven-Spezialisten Dr. Chas. Dana, aus New York, zu erwarten steht.&#13;
5.	Sie nicht zwingen sich dem Studium der politischen Tagesfragen und Verhältnisse sowie der Prüfung der Befähigung der Kandidaten für öffentliche Aemter eingehend zu befassen, um intelligent stimmen zu können; um sich die dazu nöthige Information zu verschaffen, muß die Frau ihre tägliche Arbeit beiseite legen oder gar oft geradezu vernachlässigen, während der Mann dieselbe bei der täglichen Ausübung seines Berufes und im Umgang mit seinen Mitbürgern gewöhnlich ohne besondere Mühe nebenher erlangt.&#13;
6.	Sie nicht zwingen ihre gegenwärtige mächtige Stellung als Unparteiische zur Erlangung von Reformen einzubüßen. Sie ist jetzt in der Lage Männer aller Parteien zu beeinflussen, als Stimmgeberin hingegen würde sie der demokratischen, republikanischen, progressiven, sozialistischen oder Prohibitionspartei angehören und ihr Einfluß sich fast ganz und gar auf ihre eigenen Parteigenossen beschränken&#13;
7.	Sie nicht zwingen Vorrechte und Ausnahme-Privilegien aufzugeben die ihr heute nach Gesetz zustehen. In Staaten wo nur Männer stimmberechtigt sind, ist die Frau zu einem Drittel des Nachlasses ihres Gatten berechtigt und nicht für den Unterhalt der Familie verantwortlich; ferner ist sie gesetzlich nicht für die Schulden ihres Mannes haftbar, kann nicht für Verlassen gerichtlich zur Rückkehr gezwungen und nicht auf Zahlung von Alimenten verklagt werden. In Californien z.B., wo Frauen das Stimmrecht besitzen, ist das Gegentheil der Fall, - gewiß ein hoher Preis, den dortige Frauen für das Privileg des Wählens zu entrichten haben.&#13;
8.	Sie nicht zwingen, neben der eigenen besonderen Pflichten im Heim sowie der Familie, Kirche und der Wohlthätigkeitspflege gegenüber noch die der Sorge um die Regierung zu übernehmen, welche der Mann besser für sie erfüllt als dies erwiesenermaßen in Frauenstimmrechts-Staaten mit ihrer Beihilfe geschieht.&#13;
9.	Sie nicht zwingen entweder mit den Männern ihrer Familie zu stimmen und auf diese Weise lediglich das Resultat an Stimmenzahl zu verdoppeln, oder ihre Stimme gegen dieselben abzugeben auf die Gefahr hin Unfrieden im eigenen Heim zu stiften.&#13;
10.	Sie nicht in die Lage versetzen wider Willen unnöthige Erhöhung der Wahl-Unkosten herbeizuführen die gleichbedeutend ist mit erhöhter Steuerlast.&#13;
 &#13;
11.	Sie nicht zwingend in das gesellschaftliche Leben die Zwistigkeiten und gehässigen Auseinandersetzungen der Partei-Politik hineinzuzerren.&#13;
12.	Sie nicht zwingen für das christliche Ideal der zarten Weiblichkeit, welche ihre höchste und heiligste Aufgabe in der Sorge um das traute Heim und das Familienglück erblickt, die bewegte doch oft traurige Existenz der politischen Streberin einzutauschen.&#13;
13.	Und endlich sollte man den Frauen im Allgemeinen all diese Dinge nicht aufbürden wollen nur weil eine kleine Minderzahl derselben, die „unruhigen Geister“ unter ihnen, sich das Stimmrecht erwünscht und Lust verspürt sich in das vermeintlich anregende, - wohl stets aufregende aber auch oft Ekel erregende, - politische Getriebe der Jetzt-Zeit zu stürzen.&#13;
Wenn es unseren Müttern nicht gelungen ist ihre Söhne derart zu erziehen daß sie richtig zu stimmen verstehen, ist da wohl die Annahme eine berechtigte zu nennen, daß sie mit der Erziehung ihrer Töchter nach dieser Richtung bessere Resultate erzielten?&#13;
Keineswegs! Demnach: „Wenn“, wie sich da neulich eine mit Arbeiten überhäufte Hausfrau ausdrückte, „es da eine kleine Sache giebt, welche die Männer selber, also ganz ohne uns, erledigen können, um des Himmels willen laßt sie dies doch thun.“ Den Frauen Iowa’s das Stimmrecht aufzuhalsen, hieße für sie Zeitverschwendung, Schwächung ihrer Kräfte, ihres Einflusses, ihrer Stellung und Privilegien, während man doch ihrer selbst willen und im Interessen des Gemeinwohls Alles daransetzen sollte um ihnen den weitgehendsten Gebrauch ihrer gesegneten Naturgaben zu ermöglichen und ihnen ihre wertvollen Errungenschaften ungeschmälert zu erhalten. Aus diesem Grunde und weil wir wissen, daß in seinem Staate wo nebst Männern auch die Frauen das Stimmrecht genießen, eine Aenderung zum Besseren, weder im politischen noch im sozialen Leben, zu verzeichnen ist, und namentlich noch weil die Frauenstimmrechtlerinnen aus naheliegenden Gründen mit aller Macht sich dagegen sträuben, diese Stimmrechtsfrage den Frauen selber zu Entscheidung durch Stimmzettel vorzulegen, halten wir es für eine patriotische Pflicht mit allen uns zu Gebote stehenden Kräften der Annahme des vorgeschlagenen Grundgesetzes zu opponieren.&#13;
Männer von Iowa! Ihr habt die Entscheidung zu fällen! Thut Eure Pflicht bei der kommenden Primärwahl, am 5. Juni.&#13;
Stimmt gegen das Frauenstimmrecht.&#13;
&#13;
[transcribed by Cassandra Bertolini]&#13;
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              <text>Why We Are Opposed to Woman Suffrage.&#13;
&#13;
Until it is proven that the men of our state are not able to handle government affairs on their own, or that with the help of women the political conditions can be significantly improved, one should deny women the right to vote and not allow them to do the following:&#13;
&#13;
1.	To pay a poll tax, whether they vote or not.&#13;
2.	Not allow them to assume the obligation to serve as jurors, constables, etc.&#13;
3.	Not allow them to expose themselves to the unpleasantness of political strife and bitter election campaigns.&#13;
4.	Not allow them to contribute to the danger of an increased insanity rate. According to Dr. Chas. Dana, a famous neuro-specialist from New York, female cases of insanity are expected to go up by 25 percent.&#13;
5.	Not allow them to devote themselves to the study of political issues and the daily news and to check whether the candidates applying for public office are suitable, in order to vote intelligently; To obtain the necessary information, women must put their daily work aside or often even neglect it, whereas men usually do so without having to make an additional effort, while exerting their daily work and interacting with fellow citizens.&#13;
6.	Not allow them to lose their current powerful position as impartial persons to push forward reforms. They are now in a position to influence men of all parties, as voters, however, they would belong to the Democratic, Republican, Progressive, Socialist or the Prohibition Party and their influence would be confined almost completely to their own party members.&#13;
7.	Not allow them to forgo prerogatives and exceptional privileges which they are now entitled to by law. In states where only men are allowed to vote, women are eligible to a third of their husbands’ estates and are not responsible for earning the financial means of the family; furthermore they cannot be held liable for their husbands’ debts, cannot be allowed by law to return after leaving their husbands and cannot be sued for paying alimony. In California, for example, where women can vote, the opposite is the case, - indeed a high price to pay by women for the privilege to vote.&#13;
8.	Not allow them to assume, on top of their duties in the household, the family, church and their charity work, care for the government, which men evidently can fulfil better than is the case with the support of women in stets with women’s suffrage.&#13;
9.	Not allow them either to vote along with the men of their families, thus just duplicating the number of votes, or to vote against them and risk causing conflicts in their own homes.&#13;
10.	Not put them in a position to cause an unnecessary increase of election costs which equals a higher tax load.&#13;
11.	Not allow them to disrupt their social life with the discords and unpleasant conflicts of party politics.&#13;
12.	Not allow them to exchange the Christian ideal of gentle femininity, whose greatest and holiest duty is to take care of the home and domestic happiness, for the turbulent and often sad existence of a politically active person.&#13;
13.	And finally, one should not want to burden women with all these things in general, only because a minority of them, the “restless spirits” among them, wish to gain suffrage and feel the urge to throw themselves into today’s political life - allegedly exhilarating, - probably always exciting, but also often disgusting.&#13;
 &#13;
If our mothers were not able to educate their sons in a way, enables them to vote right, can the assumption be justified that hey achieved better results when educating their daughters to this end?&#13;
&#13;
By no means! Therefore: “If”, like a housewife drowning in work recently said, “there is one little thing that men can do by themselves, completely without our help, for God’s sake let them do it.”&#13;
&#13;
To lumber the women of Iowa with suffrage means a waste of time for them, a weakening of their strength, of their influence, of their position and their privileges, whereas one should do everything to enable them, for their own sake and in the interest of public welfare, to make use of their blessed natural gifts and fully preserve their precious achievements. Because of that and because we know that in states where besides men women also enjoy suffrage, there is no change for the better neither in political nor in social life and because namely the suffragettes for obvious reasons refuse with all their power to let the women decide on the question of suffrage, we think it is a patriotic duty to oppose the acceptance of the suggested amendment to the constitution with all our strength.&#13;
&#13;
Men of Iowa! You have to decide! Do your duty at the next primary election, on June 5th.&#13;
&#13;
Vote against women's suffrage.&#13;
&#13;
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>microfilm newspaper collections, State Historical Society of Iowa</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Dubuque County</text>
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        <name>Carnival/Mardi Gras/Fastnacht</name>
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        <name>Christmas/Weihnachten</name>
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      <tag tagId="4206">
        <name>Dubuque National-Demokrat</name>
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        <name>Festive Culture</name>
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        <name>German-Language Newspapers</name>
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      <tag tagId="4238">
        <name>New Year's</name>
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        <name>Turners</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>GERMAN-IOWAN NEWSPAPERS</text>
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      <name>Document Translation</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Advertisements for Mardi Gras masquerade balls and costume rental</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Carnival; Harmonie Damen-Verein; Dubuque Sängerbund; masquerade ball</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Advertisements from the Dubuque National-Demokrat: the top-most one for costume rental; the middle one for a masquerade ball sponsored by the "Harmonie Damen-Verein" (Harmony Ladies' Club); the bottom one for a masquerade ball sponsored by the "Dubuque Sängerbund" (Dubuque Singing Club)</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Frederick Gniffke (?)</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Dubuque National-Demokrat</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34032">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.legis.iowa.gov/legislators/legislator/legislatorAllYears?personID=5563" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;Frederick A. Gniffke&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34033">
                <text>30 December 1886</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34034">
                <text>State Historical Society of Iowa</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>jpg</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>German</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34037">
                <text>newspaper advertisement</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="34038">
                <text>microfilm newspaper collections, State Historical Society of Iowa</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Dubuque County</text>
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        <name>Carnival/Mardi Gras/Fastnacht</name>
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      <tag tagId="4206">
        <name>Dubuque National-Demokrat</name>
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      <tag tagId="4201">
        <name>Festive Culture</name>
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      <tag tagId="1389">
        <name>German-Language Newspapers</name>
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      <tag tagId="4239">
        <name>Singing Societies</name>
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        <src>https://germansiniowa.lib.uiowa.edu/files/original/729bb6a675b7ceb021372542249854d0.jpg</src>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>GERMAN-IOWAN NEWSPAPERS</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32124">
                <text>Appeal to Men</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32125">
                <text>17 May 1916</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32126">
                <text>Waverly Phoenix</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Waverly</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>1916 Women's Suffrage Amendment</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;An Appeal to Men&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The women of Iowa who are against women's suffrage are fighting for the vast majority of their gender.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They do not want the men of Iowa to impose the right to vote on them.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They do not desire the strife, the bitterness, and the notoriety that are inextricably linked to a political campaign.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They trust in the loyalty of their husbands, fathers, and sons and do not suffer under their dominion.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;To be free from the cares of government and the discord of politics is one of the greatest rights of women.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;They currently have that right. Why take it away from them?&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do not force something upon them that can lead to no good, but instead create much discord, not only for women themselves, but also for the state and all residing therein.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do not ask women to leave the sphere assigned to them by nature--a role that a man could never adequately satisfy--in order that they enter the domain of men, a domain they are not physically created for.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Do not force mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters into politics. Do not force the burdens of men onto women's shoulders.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Men of Iowa, we appeal to you not to abandon the women of Iowa in this crisis, and that on the 5th of June you will go to the polls and vote No on women's suffrage.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Women Who Do Not Demand Suffrage&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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